Firstly no Vaccines wane, vaccine effectiveness remains against the targeted strain but viral strains evolve.
Resistance from vaccination may diminish, but the immune system is complex and the measures of resistance only survey small parts of the immune system like neutralizing antibodies.
In Silico(computer) and In Vitro(Petri dish) and not the same as In Situ/Vivo(people).
Vaccines like Influenza are often a blend of new and old vaccines design to target In Silico predictions of viral evolution.
Resistance from immunization is a variable person to person, the best evidence comes from the billions of immunized people not dying or being hospitalized.
Infections are only part of the story because viral load matters, vaccination remains efficacious at reducing acute symptoms and viral load months or years after immunization.
Neutralizing antibody counts can fully or fractionally diminish over time, but that is only the simplest available measure, B-cell and T-cell immunity remains and it is the combination of many factors that deliver efficacy. Efficacy is not just a measure of antibody levels but a complex array of effectiveness measures.
Resistance from vaccination may diminish, but the immune system is complex and the measures of resistance only survey small parts of the immune system like neutralizing antibodies.
In Silico(computer) and In Vitro(Petri dish) and not the same as In Situ/Vivo(people).
Vaccines like Influenza are often a blend of new and old vaccines design to target In Silico predictions of viral evolution.
Resistance from immunization is a variable person to person, the best evidence comes from the billions of immunized people not dying or being hospitalized.
Infections are only part of the story because viral load matters, vaccination remains efficacious at reducing acute symptoms and viral load months or years after immunization.
Neutralizing antibody counts can fully or fractionally diminish over time, but that is only the simplest available measure, B-cell and T-cell immunity remains and it is the combination of many factors that deliver efficacy. Efficacy is not just a measure of antibody levels but a complex array of effectiveness measures.
"Ruck, ruck, ruck, ruck ....... Ruck, ruck, ruck, ruck"

